鴉PieFedDo you think increasing ADHD diagnosis are due to better detection or "tiktok"?
submitted by weeeeum@lemmy.world edited
I see a lot of people blaming tiktok and "brain rot" content for the increasing ADHD diagnoses, but I think its a matter of better detection, similar to how OCD and autism diagnosis have increased too.\
Also as someone with ADHD, it feels like shit that it could be "my fault" or that I have brainrot.
ADHD is, as I understand it with my shitty, distantly earned BS in psychology, congenital and not acquired. You can't just "catch" ADHD, your brain was born with a neurochemical issue - not that I understand neuroscience well, but the dopamine isn't doing its job of keeping your thoughts on target, hence why only immediately rewarding things seem to be possible sometimes.
There are a lot more diagnoses of late, but I've read that part of it is the war on drugs making the Rx systematically scarce so it's just easier to blame people for seeking care rather than addressing the systemic issues. Sort of akin to blaming the consumer for climate change.
TikTok is probably not helping, and it is easy to become addicted. This is a separate matter however.
I'm a licensed mental health professional but I don't specialize in ADHD. I've been diagnosed with ADHD and take stimulants every day.
ADHD is mostly genetic, but IMO the increase in diagnoses is partly due to the information overload from the digital age we're living in. There are simply more things distracting us, more cognitive demands, such that even "normal" brains will struggle to keep up.
I want to point out, too, that the DSM has serious issues with validity and reliability. Some of the criteria are so subjective as to be useless, and two providers diagnosing the same person can arrive at very different disorders. Allen Frances, chair of the DSM-IV (we're on DSM-5 now) wrote a book called Saving Normal where he criticizes the APA's trend of pathologizing basic human experiences. With each DSM edition the diagnostic criteria get more broad, to the point that I can argue that any given person meets criteria for SOME disorder. If everyone is disordered, then what's normal anymore? How is that helpful?
Most of the diagnostic criteria for ADHD describe someone who isn't a "good student" or a "good employee." It doesn't consider context. If someone fucking hates their job, I'm not surprised they struggle to complete tasks that require sustained mental effort. Kids are reminded every day that the world is burning, so of course they're distracted from their math homework. I'm not saying people aren't suffering from what we call ADHD, I'm saying that it's a normal human response to the state of the world right now, so why are we calling it a disorder?
Edit: a word
It's not the first I've heard of professionals hating the DSM, the whole of scientific thought exists within capitalism and so its tendencies can't ever be entirely free of capitalistic slant. Being critical minded and well educated (as you appear to be, if I may say so) is perhaps the best we can do.
It is helpful to therapists and pharmacuetical drug manfucaturers.
I'm not saying psychology and psychiatry are complete bullshit.
I'm saying that if you can manufacture a problem, you can sell a solution.
Ah, another interesting book I can recommend is called Crazy Like Us, about the globalization of the Western concept of mental health. They talk about execs at GlaxoSmithKline trying to figure out how to market antidepressants in Japan. In Japanese culture sadness and depression were seen as a normal part of the human experience. Like you said, the pharma guys had to get clever to convince their Japanese market that depression is an illness, and they had the treatment.
I mostly disagree that diagnoses are helpful to therapists. Or rather, most diagnoses are not helpful to me. I can look at them as shorthand, so if a client has MDD in their chart I have a broad sense of some of the symptoms they're experiencing. But I can just as easily, you know, ask the client what's going on. There are a small few (ASD, bipolar, schizophrenia, OCD) whose symptoms are so discrete and disruptive that specialized treatment can be life-changing. Outside of those few, if insurance didn't require it, I would never assign a diagnosis again.
If only they didn't make it so fucking difficult to actually get.
I thought that was the outdated bullshit definition that was used to push pills
Which part of that are you saying is outdated?
It's just a chemical misbalance
Yes. "Just" a misbalance in dopamine levels in the brain. Dopamine reuptake is too quick, there's too little dopamine available, so the brain's reward centre doesn't activate properly. That's pretty much what they're saying. Drugs can inhibit the reuptake, making more dopamine available longer.
If true, why is non drug treatment more effective than drug treatment in the long term?
I did say it was a shitty, distantly earned degree - the proviso stands.
You can't cause ADHD, you can't prevent ADHD; it's genetic. It's not a result of patterns of thought, or video games, or television. You don't have to 'train' your child's attention span, nor can you destroy it.
People *with* adhd are naturally drawn to high-stimulation activities, so people associate the two - but that's like saying that smoke burns the toast.
https://www.cdc.gov/adhd/diagnosis/index.html
Diagnostic Criteria of ADHD as per DSM 5: (Must persist for 6 months, 6 of these if 16 or younger, 5 of these if 17 or older)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10756502/
Academic Procrastination:
Arguably 1, 4 and 6
Lower Ability to Retain Attention:
Arguably 2, 3, 6 and 8
...
That's just one study.
You can rather easily find dozens of studies that conclude that significant TikTok usage lowers your attention span, lowers your ability to maintain attention/focus, lowers your academic performance, is distracting in and of itself, is even more distracting because TikTok is addictive via dopamine reinforcement conditioning.
Tiktok recently got very angry when documents were made public showing that they know their product is addictive, and that this is done by design.
https://www.npr.org/2024/10/11/g-s1-27676/tiktok-redacted-documents-in-teen-safety-lawsuit-revealed
...
I am not going to say that nature, ie genetics, plays absolutely no factor in the likelihood of developing ADHD. It certainly plays a significant role.
But to say you cannot cause and/or exacerbate ADHD via nurture, ie the activities you engage in and the environment you are a part of ... that's absolutely ludicrous, just empirically false.
ADHD diagnoses are on the rise, significant TikTok use exacerbates many of the behavior patterns which literally are the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, thus increased usage of TikTok is causally connected to increasing levels of ADHD in the population.
Do you have a source on it being purely 100% genetic? Because my understanding is that environment is a huge predisposing factor.
Maybe for it manifesting. There are certainly very lucky people who grow up and live in environments that just so happen to not clash with them and who never even think they may have a neurodivergence.
No, they don't, because no such source exists.
The genetics studies on heritability of ADHD literally just look for heritability of inattentiveness and hyperactivity... which are well known to be exacerbated by significant TikTok usage...
There obviously is a hereditary component, ranging from 60% to possibly as high as 80%...
But, there are 0 mental health disorders / conditions / diagnoses that are understood to be 100% hereditary, the way sickle cell anemia or muscular dystrophy or cystic fibrosis are.
I have ADHD. I have never used tiktok.
Case proven? :)
Same. It just screams "feed me ALL your time!"
Have you tried screen maxing?
For what purpose?
What's that?
You mean putting Subway Surfers on the side?
https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZTYKjk4pY/
I avoid it out of self preservation
Same, and I limit short video scrolling on Instagram to doing it for a set amount of time with my partner, since it's like a little comedy break for us. I know myself well enough to avoid that shit like the plague, otherwise.
I don't believe that ADHD can be developed but at the same time TikTok is literally engineered to prey on the symptoms of it.
Sort of like how we didn't start noticing that some kids had attention disorders until we shoved them in a seat in a classroom for 9 hours a day, we didn't start noticing that *a lot* more kids had the same issues when we gave them a bright, shiny, feature-rich and constantly updating video app for them to use.
it may not be an actual chemical imbalance, but fuck me if 40 different doomscrolling apps won't fuck up your focus and concentration. probably needs a new name, but it's very clear we can't pay attention to shit anymore, bombarded with 10 second videos, memes, etc every minute, always on our phones. even if you're not ADHD diagnosed, you see and feel the effects due to this nature.
The average age for women to be diagnosed with ADHD used to be 44 years old. It is declining due to better diagnosis tools.
A criteria for ADHD is hyperactivity. But 25% of children exhibit hyperactivity regardless of whether or not they have ADHD. This led to a lot of misdiagnosis.
ADHD untreated can result in it being harder to treat. The brain falls behind in it's development of the frontal lobe. Early treatment in the form of psychoeducation and sometimes medication, reduces ADHD problems later in life. In some cases to the point of no longer needing the addition of medication.
While it isn't possible to develop ADHD, the enviroment can greatly impact the brain's development throughout childhood and adolesence. Influencing the severity of ADHD.
A theory I really appreciated that I heard recently was that there's definitely an uptick in female diagnoses of ADHD because, until fairly recently, doctors didn't even believe women *could* have ADHD. So now it's more out there and there's an uptick in adult women getting tested *and* being recognized with a diagnosis.
Along with that, yeah just more awareness in general causes more people to go get tested causing more diagnoses. So I'd say things like tiktok contribute to that but only in that they bring awareness to the symptoms people might've not realized were related to ADHD before, not that they cause it.
It's 100% better detection. ADHD is not something you develop, just like autism or type 1 diabetes. It is measurable (it's visible on MRIs as an underdeveloped prefrontal cortex) and some of the symptoms can be treated with drugs, but the person's body will never not need them (just like type 1 diabetes).
Suggesting that TikTok causes ADHD is similar to suggesting that sodas cause type 1 diabetes, the rise of one correlates with the other because if every kid is consuming soda/TikTok it's easier to spot the ones with Diabetes/ADHD, not because of a cause-effect relationship but because some of them will react differently.
Do you think there could be different types of ADHD, similar to how diabetes has type I & II?
Sure, a person who gets shot in the head and loses part of their prefrontal cortex functionality could have "type 2 ADHD", and I suppose that if you otherwise similarly physically harm your brain using some chemicals in the same way that excessive sugar harms your pancreas you could develop the same condition. In fact I think meth usage would probably create a similar condition in the brain since long use of it causes you to be unable to produce serotonin/dopamine in the appropriate levels. But I seriously doubt that watching videos on your phone can cause it, any more than it can cause diabetes.
There are various attempts at categorizing ADHD, of various levels of scientific credibility.
The one I hear most often are "predominantly inattentive" and "predominantly hyperactive".
There are also quack psychology tests that break it down into basically zodiac signs.
Such distinctions can have their uses for clearer diagnostic pictures or educating people who need to handle others' ADHDs, but they're not nearly as important as they are in diabetes. They're arbitrary and they don't completely change the mechanism of the condition, as far as we're aware. It just doesn't affect much.
In short, there aren't really formal distinctions because it wouldn't be very practically useful to have them, and because it would be hard to agree on universal types.
People are looking for it more than they used to. NOBODY was looking for it when I was young. I was probably in high school when I first heard of ADD. (They hadn't added the H yet) and the general understanding was that ADD = a spastic kid that can't sit still and makes too much noise, and that medication just sedated them to the point of complacency.
I was quiet, and liked to read, so when my third and forth grade teachers said that they were concerned about my ability to pay attention, my mom got offended that they would imply there was something wrong with her smart boy.
I wonder how my life might be different if she had listened to them instead of letting me figure it out on my own 30 years later.
"The quiet girl who is clearly not stupid and reads A LOT but has trouble organising herself will be fine, she'll be able to sort herself out, especially with the help of her parents who are both teachers - no cause for concern here, there are kids who very obviously need more help."
I don't exactly blame them, there really were kids who needed all their attention so I fell through the cracks.
This is almost the story of my boyfriend's childhood.
"My son don't need any drugs!"
Now he's over 40 and finally putting all the pieces together. But not before going tens of thousands of dollars into debt, which is forcing him to keep a job he hates so that he can pay rent. Have I mentioned the daily panic attacks and constant stress on his body?
But he still hasn't seen anyone to get a proper diagnosis because "I am barely making it right now, but seeing someone is something I can't handle right now. Seeing someone might make it worse, and I'll just go further into debt."
So here we are. Quickly dying, and not fixing it.
This was me as well. Literally hiding other books inside school books in 4th grade because the class reading went way to slow. Didn't realize myself until I was 26. Would have been great to learn earlier and maybe avoid the college burnout
I had ADHD a full 20 years before tiktok was invented
I was fourteen when I first got unlimited internet access.
ADHD is something you're born with.
I think doctors are diagnosing ADHD more often because it didn't used to be a recognized thing. Awareness and detection are both rising. I also think as pharmaceutical companies make ADHD meds they can profit from, it is yet another incentive for doctors to give an ADHD diagnosis.
I think people are self-diagnosing ADHD more often because, well, I could probably write an essay opining on that. It's not just tiktok because the self-diagnosis trend predates tiktok but tiktok certainly contributes.
Excessive time on TikTok is not good for a person, whether it "causes" ADHD or not.
If you have an ADHD diagnosis, have a conversation with your doctor about both meds and non-med ways to improve your life. Cutting down on TikTok may be advisable, in addition to any meds or other instructions the doctor has given you. Obligatory "Lemmy is not the place for medical advice".
I wonder if adhd should even be considered something that you get diagnosed with. So many people have it its like diagnosing someone with having red hair or something. Instead society should just accept there are people who think in different way and accommodate. Though of course people should still be able to know if they have that variation.
What are you on about? It sounds like you don't know what ADHD actually is and should stop talking as if you do.
I have a add myself so i have some idea, even if it isnt exactly the same.
Same.
Since medication and therapy can help, getting a diagnosis makes sense. ADHD is unfortunately not just a different way to think.
Hmm, might have mixed it up with something else in my head. Either way, society should be much more accommodating towards those with adhd. Tiktok is basically preying on those who have it.
Ironically, the algorithm pushing adhd content to my boyfriend is what made him actually realize that that's what he probably has. He just thought everyone felt the way he always has, but were better at handling their life than he was. (There might be a serious low self-esteem problem mixed in there too.)
I was diagnosed in my 20s but didn’t believe the psychiatrist. She didn’t do extensive testing or anything, just named it and prescribed for it given what I told her about myself and what she observed. I thought she was so wrong.
But the content about it over the past 5 or so years has made me realize how right she was. I understand myself so much better now that I believe that diagnosis and I’m better able to handle the challenges that come with it.
I’m grateful that my generation has become outspoken about mental health and neurodivergence.
Just like video games don't make someone a school shooter, tiktok does not make people have ADHD. Both can exacerbate existing problems and people need to be aware of this and look at WHY kids in particular seem to spend a lot of time gaming / scrolling brainless videos. But the causes are more complex and inconvenient so society jumps on easy answers.
Obviously because of the dopamine rush, this isn't new information.
Well yes, that's what's happening in the brain. I was more talking about the reason why kids might feel the need to passively consume for hours in the first place.
Because they need the stimulation.
Have you been formally diagnosed by a psychiatrist or other qualified healthcare professional?
Undoubtedly ADHD (especially ADD variant) went underreported for a very long time as until only relatively recently we'd have blamed its symptoms on other things. The increase in people being diagnosed is real.
But it needs to be done by a qualified professional because some ADHD symptoms overlap with other neurodiversity or other conditions. So a portion of self diagnosed people will, in fact, not have ADHD but something else.
Would you ask that to someone who told you they have cancer?
If people claimed to have cancer without a diagnosis by a medical professional as often as people claim to have neurodivergence then I would ask them if their cancer diagnosis was from a medical doctor.
Not my question. If someone posts on Lemmy saying they have cancer and asks a question about detection being better these days, would you go out of your way to ask them if they have actually been diagnosed with cancer? It's pretty fucking out there to do so.
This is plain fucking rude.
It's still not exactly nice to have that be the first thing you say to a person.
If they were worried that TikTok gave it to them then yes.
actual diagnoses are likely due to better detection, self diagnoses are likely due to the Internet.
One may lead to the other
Maybe, but in my experience a lot of people who self-diagnosed and claim they have adhd are actually just chronically online and want to feel special. I've even seen some people who got tested, were told outright by professionals that they do not have adhd (and shown proof), and decided to say the doctors were trying to oppress or alienate them.
That's fair. I was diagnosed with ADHD after seeking help for depression, rather than YouTube, but I'm now looking into ASD because of YouTube, and so far I just got through the pre-screening and am awaiting an appointment for proper evaluation.
So, I guess it works both ways. Wild to think that someone could *want* ADHD, outside of maybe wanting a script for the meds.
well they don't really want ADHD, but rather they spend too much time online and are desperately searching for something that makes them feel special.
I don't think you can become ADHD. You're either born with it or not.
It's probably better detection.
As for internet brain rot, I suspect that's due to the idolization of swiftly delivered entertainment over everything else.
People don't read anymore because it takes time and effort to get into the book. It takes commitment and thought. People would rather have entertainment fed to us in thousands of smaller doses. Get those micro dopamine hits with each swipe of your phone.
I suspect it's also a form of escapism. The world is turning to shit and TikTok brain rot works much in the same way as abusing drugs.
Depends on who does the diagnosis and for what reason.
First of all, self-diagnosis specifically linked to TikTok trends or other social media is a very dumb way of claiming to have ADHD or any defining trait of some kind. Enough users do this to make it an issue of general perception of the actual state of things.
So while I'd say that detection has increased, the alleged "brainrot" has followed as well - for the duration of the trend's popularity.
Self-diagnosing in general is dumb. That's why Depression, ADHD, Anxiety, PTSD even and even Autism are seemingly record levels.
It's discrediting actual sufferers and once again putting them under the rug. It pisses me off when I see bodycam videos, right away, the person arrested immediately starts going over a laundry list of mental issues that they have. All the while screaming, resisting arrest and shit.
Then we got armchair psychologists and therapists on the internet who practice without a license (or knowledge) that actually "grants" people these issues after just sitting down and having a conversation with someone.
Easy diagnosis. Take speed. Calms you down? ADHD. Speeds you up? No ADHD.
My best friend is ADHD. Dated a long-time friend that was ADHD. My daughter is ADHD.
Give 'em speed, they chill. Give me speed, I bounce off the walls. *Many* of the same symptoms.\
I see tons of young people online, "I want to be *special*. I have ADHD! Also, I'm trans and gay!"
STFU. You're young, wildly horny and figuring life out. We all went through that.
"But *I'm SPECIAL!!!*"
No, odds are you aren't. Stop taking away from people who actually have these conditions/problems/lives.
"OK. But I'm *OCD*!"
Jesus. STFU.
Sorry but it is not that simple, lol. It does give a hint to things, but it isn't the end-all be-all.
There add widely varying reasons that people have different [dose-response relationships.](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dose%E2%80%93response_relationship
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormesis
If your methodology worked, you'd have diagnosed me to have ADHD with 100% certainty. I always maintained I don't. Got tested by clinical psychologist and psychiatrist. No ADHD ADD or any other attention disorder.
The dose-response relationship, hermesis in action, is easiest to see with weed, probably. When you go to have a smoke at friend's house, you don't smoke often, they do. You smoke a little, you get tired, they start perking up. However if they also smoked a fuckton more, they'd also get tired. Low doses of THC stimulate high ones sedate. Similar with alcohol, which is why youre energetic early and then suddenly pass out. So because you've no tolerances like the weeder, the same amount smoked is a light dose for them and heavy for you, you get sedation, they stimulation.
This is essentially what is happening with you and your friends. You're taking same size lines and due to your personal differences, have different responses to the same dose.
It MAY be a sign yes, but not "easy diagnosis, ADHD 100%"
Do us all a favour and take your own advice instead of picking on people.
It was Saturday morning cartoons when I was a kid. Then it was video games. Now they blame TikTok.
Don't believe those people. They want any excuse except the actual answer, that humanity exists on several sliding scales. And while there is a normative zone, it's not at all abnormal to be outside that zone.
While I am very much against the idea that "things were better in my day", I don't think the idea that the rise of social media, short form content and rapid gratification has had on today's society and upcoming generations should be tossed out offhand. I do think there is something fundamentally different with some of the content presented nowadays, and how easy to access and addictive it can be.
It's not just short form video algorithms. Streaming TV shows are made to where they effectively end about 15 minutes into the next episode. Video games are workshopped right down to the sounds they use for loot boxes.
And all of that might have an effect, but that effect is pretty clearly to draw in normal people. Not to somehow create ADHD.
Maybe it won't create more, but it can agravante symptoms and lead to increased detection rates
Absolutely. Years of dedicated research have been spent maximizing the attention economy
If you test more, you detect more.
Considering I've never used TikTok or joined it, I was diagnosed in 2022 (or so, I don't remember), after almost 40 years of life. So much of my past, pre- and post-internet era, started to make sense when I learned that ADHD has an inattentive side that lacks the hyperactivity.
It's not that the diagnosis of and has exploded due to "X cause," but like autism, we have increased identification for them or categorize behaviors differently.
both? i was diagnosed super young, and by the time i got to college some people around me spent so much time on their phones or dodged so much homework it made me feel i was on a more even playing field lol
Ehhhhhh, I think it's a little of column A and a little of column B.
I think the biggest tik tok contributor is people now hear about ADHD and decide because they get bored in schoo sometimes they must have it etc. (As someone who struggles not to chew through their own gums as a form of fidgeting, I find this really irritating.) But let's put that aside because I don't think that's what you're asking about. I'll also ignore the fact that more people are walking into therapists having read all the symptoms and knowing essentially what to say to receive a "diagnosis."
To the actual question, I do think TikTok/smartphones/internet are definitely rewiring our brains in ways that mirror a lot of symptoms of ADD/ADHD. There's a depressingly good book about it called the Shallows but the basic thesis is that the financial incentives of the internet are geared to keep you clicking and moving through things (so you see more new ads) which habituated people to very short term impulses/reward structures. In other words, impulse control and trouble focusing long term.
two more possibilities:
a systematic change in environment
or systematic change diets of pregnant mothers or young children
You forgot the /s.
These are also possibilities that i would be interested in seeing research cover.
no /s
Research has been done, and no.
May I see this research please?
Saying environmental factors or dietary factors CANNOT have a influence on ADHD is a very strong statement.
Influence and cause are completely different things. If you cannot distinguish between those two things then linking you to research is pointless.
"Having an influence" and "causing" are two different things. You seem to imply that what mum eats during pregnancy might directly cause the kid to have ADHD.
Humans are the product of their environment, and the younger you are, the more affected you will be.
If I put you in the rain forest with animals and plants and shamans, you would absolutely start to calm down and start to listen to people and become much calmer with time. Since the entire energy of the place is calm.
But if you sit in front of phones and computers on social media, where you have this constant energy of consuming content you forget a day later, your brain will start to be unable to think and focus after a while. It will feel stressful to listen to someone who talks even, because it's not fast enough.
You're talking about the change that can be the result of stress.
That is true, and people so experience those things.
But that's not what a neurodevelopmental disorder is. They won't go away by hanging in nature. Hanging in nature may treat it, but doesn't cure it.
A lot of the stress from being overstimulated shares symptoms *and* treatment with add ans adhd though so there's very little *practical* difference, except that society seems it's wrong for people who don't have neurodevelopmental disorders to medicate with anything stronger than three shots of espresso and a few bottles of "doubled caffeine" energy drinks — which is actually far more dangerous physically than just popping a Ritalin.
Tiktok definitely reduces the attention span of its users. Same goes for YouTube shorts, instagram reels and all other short form content. But more ADHD cases being diagnosed comes down to better detection and generally more awareness by the public for the symptoms.
The rates are also increasing. Not just better detection.
RCCX Theory.
The increase in rates is contributed by people having children later. Lots of peopld have kids later in life compared to decades ago. Like ASD there is a link between parental age at the time of having the child and an increase in non-normative conditions. It’s not the *only* cause, just a factor that increases risk.
I agree that is a factor. As are many other things. But we’re also seeing the rates of diagnosis of all the other rccx connected disorders like t1d.
Ok, maybe aging parental DNA affects RCCX more? Who knows. Also overweight parents are more likely to have kids with diabetes, and being overweight is rampant in the US.
Could be a different mechanism but yeah it is a stress vulnerability.
Type1, so the autoimmune version. As well as Crohns, MS, etc
https://me-pedia.org/wiki/RCCX_Genetic_Module_Theory#Conditions_associated_with_RCCX_gene_mutations
Not better detection and not tiktok in particular, better information available and less stigma allowing more people to out themselves. Same with LGBTQ+ and many other non-apparent, but taboo traits throughout history. As they become more widely aceptable, people can be out or at least people can better understand that these traits are not them being broken, lazy, evil, or selfish.
Yes
I think it's because a lot of people struggle to match the expectations put on them. Said expectations are too high even for neurtypical people, to the point where they seek diagnosisses to get accomdations. Late stage capitalism making everyone feel like they aren't up to par when par is 16 swings on an 18-hole course.